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Microsoft	Motherboards	File Compression
Linux	Security	Computer drivers
Macintosh	Meta Tags Generator	Post Beep Codes

Microsoft

Linux

Motherboards

The best place to get the latest Bios upgrade and other software specific to your system is direct from the manufacturer of your motherboard. They also have information about how far you may be able to upgrade your existing system. Here are links to a few of these sites.

Security

Any Password - a security vault program for your PC to store all of your passwords safely.
Hacking Exposed - find out about security holes in your setup
Newbie Guide To Email Hoaxes, Urban Legends, Scam Or Spam
A guide for newbies to learn to detect and defend against email hoaxes, urban legends, scams and spams in email.
Spybot Search & Destroy - spyware removal software
Lavasoft Ad Aware - more spyware removal software
Belarc Advisor - tells you what service packs and patches you have installed
BHO Demon - tells you what helper applications you have installed (so you can remove the ones you that were installed without your knowledge)
Zone Labs - Firewall (I use the Security Suite version)
Shields Up - Firewall Testing
Parental Control Software - Internet Monitoring Software
Computer monitoring and parental control software allows parents to monitor teen chat rooms, instant messages, web sites, email and more.

File Compression

WinZip (Windows only)
Aladdin Stuffit (Mac, Windows, Linux, Solaris)
Linux file compression tool guide

Computer drivers
Computer motherboard and chipset drivers

COMPANY	CHIPSETS
ALi	ALi chipset drivers
AMD	AMD chipset drivers
Intel	Intel chipset drivers
NVidia	NVidia chipset drivers
SiS	SiS chipset drivers
VIA	VIA chipset drivers

COMPANY		DRIVERS / BIOS
Abit		Abit downloads
Acer		Acer downloads
Albatron		Albatron downloads
AOpen		AOpen downloads
Asrock		Asrock downloads
Asus		Asus downloads
Biostar		Biostar downloads
Chaintech		Chaintech downloads
DFI		DFI downloads
ECS		ECS downloads
Epox		Epox downloads
FIC		FIC downloads
Gemlight		Gemlight downloads
General Standards		General Standards downloads
Gigabyte		Gigabyte downloads
Intel		Intel downloads
Iwill		Iwill downloads
Leadtek		Leadtek downloads
Matsonic		Matsonic downloads
Micro-Star		Micro-star downloads
MSI		MSI downloads
PC Chips		PC Chips downloads
Sapphire Technology		Sapphire Technology downloads
SBS Bit 3		SBS Bit 3 downloads
SBS Technologies		SBS Technologies downloads
Shuttle		Shuttle downloads
Soltek		Soltek downloads
Soyo		Soyo downloads
Supermicro		Supermicro downloads
Tyan		Tyan downloads
XFX

Post Beep Codes

AMI BIOS beep codes	AWARD BIOS BEEP CODES	IBM BIOS
MACINTOSH STARTUP TONES	PHOENIX BIOS BEEP CODES

AMI BIOS BEEP CODES

Below are the AMI BIOS Beep codes that can occur. However, because of the wide variety of different computer manufacturers with this BIOS, the beep codes may vary.

Beep Code	Descriptions
1 short	DRAM refresh failure
2 short	Parity circuit failure
3 short	Base 64K RAM failure
4 short	System timer failure
5 short	Process failure
6 short	Keyboard controller Gate A20 error
7 short	Virtual mode exception error
8 short	Display memory Read/Write test failure
9 short	ROM BIOS checksum failure
10 short	CMOS shutdown Read/Write error
11 short	Cache Memory error
1 long, 3 short	Conventional/Extended memory failure
1 long, 8 short	Display/Retrace test failed

AWARD BIOS BEEP CODES

Below are Award BIOS Beep codes that can occur. However, because of the wide variety of different computer manufacturers with this BIOS, the beep codes may vary.

Beep Code	Description
1 long, 2 short	Indicates a video error has occurred and the BIOS cannot initialize the video screen to display any additional information
Any other beep(s)	RAM problem.

If any other correctable hardware issues, the BIOS will display a message.

IBM BIOS

Below are IBM BIOS Beep codes that can occur. However, because of the wide variety of models shipping with this BIOS, the beep codes may vary.

Beep Code	Description
No Beeps	No Power, Loose Card, or Short.
1 Short Beep	Normal POST, computer is ok.
2 Short Beep	POST error, review screen for error code.
Continuous Beep	No Power, Loose Card, or Short.
Repeating Short Beep	No Power, Loose Card, or Short.
One Long and one Short Beep	Motherboard issue.
One Long and Two Short Beeps	Video (Mono/CGA Display Circuitry) issue.
One Long and Three Short Beeps.	Video (EGA) Display Circuitry.
Three Long Beeps	Keyboard / Keyboard card error.
One Beep, Blank or Incorrect Display	Video Display Circuitry.

MACINTOSH STARTUP TONES

TONES	ERROR
Error Tone. (two sets of different tones)	Problem with logic board or SCSI bus.
Startup tone, drive spins, no video	Problem with video controller.
Powers on, no tone.	Logic board problem.
High Tone, four higher tones.	Problem with SIMM.

PHOENIX BIOS BEEP CODES

Below are the beep codes for PHOENIX BIOS Q3.07 OR 4.X

Beep Code	Description / What to Check
1-1-1-3	Verify Real Mode.
1-1-2-1	Get CPU type.
1-1-2-3	Initialize system hardware.
1-1-3-1	Initialize chipset registers with initial POST values.
1-1-3-2	Set in POST flag.
1-1-3-3	Initialize CPU registers.
1-1-4-1	Initialize cache to initial POST values.
1-1-4-3	Initialize I/O.
1-2-1-1	Initialize Power Management.
1-2-1-2	Load alternate registers with initial POST values.
1-2-1-3	Jump to UserPatch0.
1-2-2-1	Initialize keyboard controller.
1-2-2-3	BIOS ROM checksum.
1-2-3-1	8254 timer initialization.
1-2-3-3	8237 DMA controller initialization.
1-2-4-1	Reset Programmable Interrupt Controller.
1-3-1-1	Test DRAM refresh.
1-3-1-3	Test 8742 Keyboard Controller.
1-3-2-1	Set ES segment to register to 4 GB.
1-3-3-1	28 Autosize DRAM.
1-3-3-3	Clear 512K base RAM.
1-3-4-1	Test 512 base address lines.
1-3-4-3	Test 512K base memory.
1-4-1-3	Test CPU bus-clock frequency.
1-4-2-4	Reinitialize the chipset.
1-4-3-1	Shadow system BIOS ROM.
1-4-3-2	Reinitialize the cache.
1-4-3-3	Autosize cache.
1-4-4-1	Configure advanced chipset registers.
1-4-4-2	Load alternate registers with CMOS values.
2-1-1-1	Set Initial CPU speed.
2-1-1-3	Initialize interrupt vectors.
2-1-2-1	Initialize BIOS interrupts.
2-1-2-3	Check ROM copyright notice.
2-1-2-4	Initialize manager for PCI Options ROMs.
2-1-3-1	Check video configuration against CMOS.
2-1-3-2	Initialize PCI bus and devices.
2-1-3-3	Initialize all video adapters in system.
2-1-4-1	Shadow video BIOS ROM.
2-1-4-3	Display copyright notice.
2-2-1-1	Display CPU type and speed.
2-2-1-3	Test keyboard.
2-2-2-1	Set key click if enabled.
2-2-2-3	56 Enable keyboard.
2-2-3-1	Test for unexpected interrupts.
2-2-3-3	Display prompt "Press F2 to enter SETUP".
2-2-4-1	Test RAM between 512 and 640k.
2-3-1-1	Test expanded memory.
2-3-1-3	Test extended memory address lines.
2-3-2-1	Jump to UserPatch1.
2-3-2-3	Configure advanced cache registers.
2-3-3-1	Enable external and CPU caches.
2-3-3-3	Display external cache size.
2-3-4-1	Display shadow message.
2-3-4-3	Display non-disposable segments.
2-4-1-1	Display error messages.
2-4-1-3	Check for configuration errors.
2-4-2-1	Test real-time clock.
2-4-2-3	Check for keyboard errors
2-4-4-1	Set up hardware interrupts vectors.
2-4-4-3	Test coprocessor if present.
3-1-1-1	Disable onboard I/O ports.
3-1-1-3	Detect and install external RS232 ports.
3-1-2-1	Detect and install external parallel ports.
3-1-2-3	Re-initialize onboard I/O ports.
3-1-3-1	Initialize BIOS Data Area.
3-1-3-3	Initialize Extended BIOS Data Area.
3-1-4-1	Initialize floppy controller.
3-2-1-1	Initialize hard-disk controller.
3-2-1-2	Initialize local-bus hard-disk controller.
3-2-1-3	Jump to UserPatch2.
3-2-2-1	Disable A20 address line.
3-2-2-3	Clear huge ES segment register.
3-2-3-1	Search for option ROMs.
3-2-3-3	Shadow option ROMs.
3-2-4-1	Set up Power Management.
3-2-4-3	Enable hardware interrupts.
3-3-1-1	Set time of day.
3-3-1-3	Check key lock.
3-3-3-1	Erase F2 prompt.
3-3-3-3	Scan for F2 key stroke.
3-3-4-1	Enter SETUP.
3-3-4-3	Clear in-POST flag.
3-4-1-1	Check for errors
3-4-1-3	POST done--prepare to boot operating system.
3-4-2-1	One beep.
3-4-2-3	Check password (optional).
3-4-3-1	Clear global descriptor table.
3-4-4-1	Clear parity checkers.
3-4-4-3	Clear screen (optional).
3-4-4-4	Check virus and backup reminders.
4-1-1-1	Try to boot with INT 19.
4-2-1-1	Interrupt handler error.
4-2-1-3	Unknown interrupt error.
4-2-2-1	Pending interrupt error.
4-2-2-3	Initialize option ROM error.
4-2-3-1	Shutdown error.
4-2-3-3	Extended Block Move.
4-2-4-1	Shutdown 10 error.
4-3-1-3	Initialize the chipset.
4-3-1-4	Initialize refresh counter.
4-3-2-1	Check for Forced Flash.
4-3-2-2	Check HW status of ROM.
4-3-2-3	BIOS ROM is OK.
4-3-2-4	Do a complete RAM test.
4-3-3-1	Do OEM initialization.
4-3-3-2	Initialize interrupt controller.
4-3-3-3	Read in bootstrap code.
4-3-3-4	Initialize all vectors.
4-3-4-1	Boot the Flash program.
4-3-4-2	Initialize the boot device.
4-3-4-3	Boot code was read OK.

Macintosh

RemoteDesktop-MAC103EN.hqx

A utility to access Windows Remote Terminal Server for a Mac OS X and up. Download

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